ABSTRACT
Modern mass spectrometry plays an important role in the study of metabolism and pharmacokinetics of traditional Chinese medicine due to its high sensitivity, high analysis speed and good stability. First, this article gives a brief introduction to the development of modern mass spectrometry techniques. Second, the application of modern mass spectrometry is summarized in the study of metabolism and pharmacokinetics of traditional Chinese medicine including in vitro and in vivo studies. In vitro research is reviewed with a focus on metabolism of intestinal bacteria and cytochrome P450 enzymes; in vivo research is covered mainly with a fo cuse on the application of microdialysis-MS, GC/LC-MS, new ambient mass spectrometry, and imaging mass spectrometry in metabolism and pharmacokinetics.
ABSTRACT
High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was used to high performance separate and prepare lignans from Schisandrae chinensis fructus. The solvent system is composed of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (9 : 1 : 5 : 5) and n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (9 : 1 : 9 : 5), speed is at 900 r.min-1, and flow rate is at 2.0 mL.min-1. Five fractions from Schisandrae chinensis fructus extract were separated and prepared with one HSCCC process. They were identified as schisandrin, gomisin J, schisandrol B, schisantherin A and deoxyschizandrin by electrospray ionization-multiple tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MSn), respectively. Their contents were obtained in 98.74%, 94.32%, 99.53%, 94.23% and 98.68% by ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), separately. The rapid and simple method can be applied for the preparation of lignans from Schisandrae chinensis fructus.
Subject(s)
Countercurrent Distribution , Cyclooctanes , Chemistry , Dioxoles , Chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Fruit , Chemistry , Lignans , Chemistry , Molecular Structure , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Polycyclic Compounds , Chemistry , Schisandra , Chemistry , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization , Tandem Mass SpectrometryABSTRACT
Using a UPLC-MS/MS (MRM) and cocktail probe substrates method, the metabolic fingerprint of the compatibility of Radix Aconite (RA) and Radix Paeoniae Alba (RPA) and its effect on CYP450 enzymes were investigated. These main CYP isoforms include CYP 1A2, CYP 2C, CYP 2E1, CYP 2D and CYP 3A. Compared with the inhibition effect of RA decoctions on CYP450 isoforms, their co-decoctions of RA and RPA with different proportions can decrease RA' inhibition on CYP3A, CYP2D, CYP2C and CYP1A2, but can not reduce RA' effect on CYP2E1. The metabolic fingerprints of RA decoction and co-decoctions with different proportions of RPA in CYP450 of rat liver were analyzed by UPLC-MS. Compared with the metabolic fingerprints of RA decoction, the intensity of diester-diterpenoid aconitum alkaloids decreased significantly, while the intensity of monoester-diterpenoid alkaloids significantly increased in the metabolic fingerprints of co-decoctions of RA and RPA. The results suggest that RA coadministration with RPA increased the degradation of toxic alkaloid and show the effect of toxicity reducing and efficacy enhancing.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Aconitum , Chemistry , Alkaloids , Chemistry , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors , Chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Liver , Metabolome , Paeonia , Chemistry , Tandem Mass SpectrometryABSTRACT
The method was established study the influence of different herbal combination with Radix Aconiti in the traditional medical formulae on content of the aconite alkaloids, for elucidating the scientific basis of reducing the toxicity of aconite in traditional Chinese medical formulation. The samples for ESI-MS study were prepared by decocting a mixture of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata ( RALP) with Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata (RGP) , Radix Paeoniae Alba ( RPA) , Rhizoma Zingiberis (RZ) or Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei ( RERR) , separately, and extracting the residue of the above mentioned mixtures after decocting. The diester-diterpenoid alkaloids (DDAs) was lower in the herb couples of RALP-RGP, RALP-RPA, RALP-RZ and RALP-RERR, and lipo-alkaloids was increased in the herb couples of RALP-RGP, RALP-RPA and RALP-RZ. The reason of reducing toxic effect principle is that the components of RGP, RPA and RZ have ester-exchange reactions with DDAs in RALP to produce lipo-alkaloids of low toxicity in the decocting process of the herb couples. The combination of RALP-RERR can reduce the content of DDAs in decoction and residue due to the formation of water insoluble alkaloid compound.